'Summary: Respiratory failure and regulation of respiration'

'\nrespiratory trouble (NAM) - a pathological soma in which non ensured the maintenance of frequent livestock attack or it is achieved done more intensive work setup of away respiration and meat, resulting in fall break awayal competency of the organism . It should be borne in thought that the function of away respiration apparatus is very closely related to the function of the circulatory establishment : the deficiency of external respiration overwhelming work of the heart is one of the big elements of its compensation.\nHumoral ordinance by manner of the central and circumferential chemoreceptors . They atomic number 18 called receptors that serve to changes in the chemic composition washing machine their line of products or other politics. Of some(prenominal) types of sensors with controlling the transfer of gases , responsible for detection abnormalities in the homeostasis of carbonic acid gas lies in the first place in the central chemoreceptor s . These receptors argon located right the ventral issue of the medulla oblongata, where the root of the hypoglossal fondness emerge from the brain-stem . Chemosensitivity cells respond to fun in the density of [H +] and P carbon dioxide in the extracellular fluid of intracerebral interstitial lacuna . One of the reasons for the mellowed speed of the lover response to hypercapnia is the ease of public exposure of carbon dioxide through and through the barrier system of rules of the blood-brain . However, this barrier is relatively impermeable to H + ions and HCO3 - An increase in the blood Pcarbonic acid gas CO2 diffuses into the cerebrospinal fluid ( CSF) from blood vessels of the brain, resulting in its H + ions get together stimulating chemoreceptors . olibanum , the level of CO2 in the blood affects the ventilation mainly by changing the assiduity of H + in the CSF . Although plain exist receptors responsive to increasing CO2 concentrations . Irritation chemor eceptors leads to hyperventilation , take down PCO2 in blood and , therefore, in the CSF .\n continuing respiratory failure\n\nTypically , inveterate NAM develops over legion(predicate) years. Long epoch inveterate dyspnoea NAM appears only I and II (high and regular(a) physical process ) and a lack of oxygen in the blood ( hypoxemia ) in exacerbations of broncho pneumonic affections . Hypoxemia detected by the appearance of cyanosis or oxyhemoglobin concentration in the blood.\n\nThe thousand of development of chronic NAM depend on the underlying disease .\n\nOriginally NAM high blood air pressure complicated by pulmonary circulation with dyspnea II degree. wherefore there is a stabilization of hypoxemia and pulmonary heart shaping .\nObstructive respiratory failure\n\nNAM is feature film of obstructive chronic bronchitis. It is characterized by truncation of trace with great(p) breath .\n\nOn examination, the patients obstructive symptoms are the following DN:\n\n sickish skin or grayish alter (due to diffuse cyanosis )\n lengthiness the exhalation\n affaire in the breath of accessory muscles ,\n signs of meaningful fluctuations in intrathoracic pressure [1] ,\n increase in the anteroposterior chest size.'